中共中央關(guān)于全面深化改革若干重大問題的決定（全文）
Decision of the CCCPC on Some Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Deepening the Reform
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調(diào)整字號大小: 
| 二、堅持和完善基本經(jīng)濟(jì)制度 | II. Adhering to and Improving the Basic Economic System |
| 公有制為主體、多種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)共同發(fā)展的基本經(jīng)濟(jì)制度，是中國特色社會主義制度的重要支柱，也是社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的根基。公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)和非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)都是社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要組成部分，都是我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的重要基礎(chǔ)。必須毫不動搖鞏固和發(fā)展公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)，堅持公有制主體地位，發(fā)揮國有經(jīng)濟(jì)主導(dǎo)作用，不斷增強(qiáng)國有經(jīng)濟(jì)活力、控制力、影響力。必須毫不動搖鼓勵、支持、引導(dǎo)非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，激發(fā)非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)活力和創(chuàng)造力。 | The basic economic system with public ownership playing a dominant role and different economic sectors developing side by side is an important pillar of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and is the foundation of the socialist market economy. Both the public and non-public sectors are key components of the socialist market economy, and are important bases for the economic and social development of China. We must unswervingly consolidate and develop the public economy, persist in the dominant position of public ownership, give full play to the leading role of the state-owned sector, and continuously increase its vitality, controlling force and influence. We must unwaveringly encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public sector, and stimulate its dynamism and creativity. |
| （5）完善產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)制度。產(chǎn)權(quán)是所有制的核心。健全歸屬清晰、權(quán)責(zé)明確、保護(hù)嚴(yán)格、流轉(zhuǎn)順暢的現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)權(quán)制度。公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)財產(chǎn)權(quán)不可侵犯，非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)財產(chǎn)權(quán)同樣不可侵犯。 | 5. Improving the property rights protection system. Property rights are the core of ownership. We need to improve the modern property rights system with clear ownership, clear-cut rights and obligations, strict protection and smooth flow. The property rights of the public sector are inviolable, as are those of the non-public sector. |
| 國家保護(hù)各種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)權(quán)和合法利益，保證各種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)依法平等使用生產(chǎn)要素、公開公平公正參與市場競爭、同等受到法律保護(hù)，依法監(jiān)管各種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)。 | The state protects the property rights and legitimate interests of all economic sectors, ensures that they have equal access to the factors of production according to the law, participate in market competition on an open, fair and just footing, and are accorded with equal protection and oversight according to the law. |
| （6）積極發(fā)展混合所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)。國有資本、集體資本、非公有資本等交叉持股、相互融合的混合所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)，是基本經(jīng)濟(jì)制度的重要實現(xiàn)形式，有利于國有資本放大功能、保值增值、提高競爭力，有利于各種所有制資本取長補(bǔ)短、相互促進(jìn)、共同發(fā)展。允許更多國有經(jīng)濟(jì)和其他所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展成為混合所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)。國有資本投資項目允許非國有資本參股。允許混合所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)實行企業(yè)員工持股，形成資本所有者和勞動者利益共同體。 | 6. Vigorously developing a mixed economy. A mixed economy with cross holding by and mutual fusion between state-owned capital, collective capital and non-public capital is an important way to materialize the basic economic system of China. It is conducive to improving the amplification function of state-owned capital, ensuring the appreciation of its value and raising its competitiveness, and it is conducive to enabling capital with all kinds of ownership to draw on one another's strong points to offset weaknesses, stimulate one another and develop together. We will allow more state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and enterprises of other types of ownership to develop into mixed enterprises. We will allow non-state-owned capital to hold shares in projects invested by state-owned capital. We will allow mixed enterprises to implement employee stock ownership plans (ESOP) to form communities of capital owners and laborers. |
| 完善國有資產(chǎn)管理體制，以管資本為主加強(qiáng)國有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)管，改革國有資本授權(quán)經(jīng)營體制，組建若干國有資本運營公司，支持有條件的國有企業(yè)改組為國有資本投資公司。國有資本投資運營要服務(wù)于國家戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)，更多投向關(guān)系國家安全、國民經(jīng)濟(jì)命脈的重要行業(yè)和關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域，重點提供公共服務(wù)、發(fā)展重要前瞻性戰(zhàn)略性產(chǎn)業(yè)、保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境、支持科技進(jìn)步、保障國家安全。 | We will improve the state-owned assets management system, strengthen state-owned assets oversight with capital management at the core, reform the authorized operation mechanism for state-owned capital, establish a number of state-owned capital operating companies, support qualified SOEs to reorganize themselves into state-owned capital investment companies. State-owned capital investment operations must serve the strategic goals of the state, invest more in key industries and areas that are vital to national security and are the lifeblood of the economy, focusing on offering public services, developing important and forward-looking strategic industries, protecting the ecological environment, supporting scientific and technological progress, and guaranteeing national security. |
| 劃轉(zhuǎn)部分國有資本充實社會保障基金。完善國有資本經(jīng)營預(yù)算制度，提高國有資本收益上繳公共財政比例，二０二０年提到百分之三十，更多用于保障和改善民生。 | We will transfer part of the state-owned capital to social security funds. We will improve the budgeting system for the operation of state-owned capital, and increase the proportion of state-owned capital gains that are turned over to the public finance to 30 percent by 2020, to be used to ensure and improve the people's livelihood. |
| （7）推動國有企業(yè)完善現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度。國有企業(yè)屬于全民所有，是推進(jìn)國家現(xiàn)代化、保障人民共同利益的重要力量。國有企業(yè)總體上已經(jīng)同市場經(jīng)濟(jì)相融合，必須適應(yīng)市場化、國際化新形勢，以規(guī)范經(jīng)營決策、資產(chǎn)保值增值、公平參與競爭、提高企業(yè)效率、增強(qiáng)企業(yè)活力、承擔(dān)社會責(zé)任為重點，進(jìn)一步深化國有企業(yè)改革。 | 7. Promoting a modern corporate system for SOEs. Owned by the whole people, SOEs are an important force for advancing national modernization and protecting the common interests of the people. Although SOEs generally have assimilated themselves into the market economy, they must adapt to new trends of marketization and internationalization, and further deepen their reform by aiming the focus at regular decision making over operation, maintaining and appreciating the value of state assets, participation in competition on an equal footing, raising production efficiency, strengthening enterprise vitality, and bearing due social obligations. |
| 準(zhǔn)確界定不同國有企業(yè)功能。國有資本加大對公益性企業(yè)的投入，在提供公共服務(wù)方面作出更大貢獻(xiàn)。國有資本繼續(xù)控股經(jīng)營的自然壟斷行業(yè)，實行以政企分開、政資分開、特許經(jīng)營、政府監(jiān)管為主要內(nèi)容的改革，根據(jù)不同行業(yè)特點實行網(wǎng)運分開、放開競爭性業(yè)務(wù)，推進(jìn)公共資源配置市場化。進(jìn)一步破除各種形式的行政壟斷。 | We will accurately define the functions of different SOEs. We will ensure state-owned capital increases its input into public-welfare enterprises and make greater contributions in the provision of public services. In natural monopoly industries in which state-owned capital continues to be the control shareholder, we will carry out reform focusing on separation of government administration from enterprise management, separation of government administration from state assets management, franchise operation, and government oversight, separate networks from operations and decontrol competitive businesses based on the characteristics of different industries, and make public resource allocation more market-oriented. We will continue to break up all forms of administrative monopoly. |
| 健全協(xié)調(diào)運轉(zhuǎn)、有效制衡的公司法人治理結(jié)構(gòu)。建立職業(yè)經(jīng)理人制度，更好發(fā)揮企業(yè)家作用。深化企業(yè)內(nèi)部管理人員能上能下、員工能進(jìn)能出、收入能增能減的制度改革。建立長效激勵約束機(jī)制，強(qiáng)化國有企業(yè)經(jīng)營投資責(zé)任追究。探索推進(jìn)國有企業(yè)財務(wù)預(yù)算等重大信息公開。 | We will improve the corporate governance structure with coordinated operations and effective checks and balances. We will establish a system of professional managers, and give better play to the role of entrepreneurs. We will deepen reform of systems concerning the promotion and demotion of management personnel, hiring and firing of employees, and salary increase and decrease. We will establish a long-term incentive and restraint mechanism, and strengthen investigations into the accountability of SOE operations and investment. We will explore ways to publicize important information, including SOE financial budgets. |
| 國有企業(yè)要合理增加市場化選聘比例，合理確定并嚴(yán)格規(guī)范國有企業(yè)管理人員薪酬水平、職務(wù)待遇、職務(wù)消費、業(yè)務(wù)消費。 | SOEs should appropriately increase the proportion of market-oriented recruitment, and rationally determine and strictly regulate the salary standards, position benefits, position-related expenses and business spending of SOE management personnel. |
| （8）支持非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)健康發(fā)展。非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)在支撐增長、促進(jìn)創(chuàng)新、擴(kuò)大就業(yè)、增加稅收等方面具有重要作用。堅持權(quán)利平等、機(jī)會平等、規(guī)則平等，廢除對非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)各種形式的不合理規(guī)定，消除各種隱性壁壘，制定非公有制企業(yè)進(jìn)入特許經(jīng)營領(lǐng)域具體辦法。 | 8. Supporting the healthy development of the non-public sector. The non-public sector plays an important role in sustaining growth, stimulating innovation, increasing employment, increasing tax revenues and so on. We will persist in equality of rights, opportunities and rules, abolish all forms of irrational regulations for the non-public economy, remove all hidden barriers, and adopt specific measures for non-public enterprises to enter franchising fields. |
| 鼓勵非公有制企業(yè)參與國有企業(yè)改革，鼓勵發(fā)展非公有資本控股的混合所有制企業(yè)，鼓勵有條件的私營企業(yè)建立現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度。 | We will encourage non-public enterprises to participate in SOE reform, foster mixed enterprises with non-public capital as the controlling shareholder, and encourage qualified private enterprises to establish the modern corporate system. |
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