社會(huì)扶貧

社會(huì)扶貧是指多元行動(dòng)主體針對(duì)貧困人口和社會(huì)弱勢(shì)群體所提供的各種救助、開(kāi)發(fā)以及社會(huì)服務(wù)活動(dòng)。自20世紀(jì)90年代中期開(kāi)始，社會(huì)扶貧一直是中國(guó)扶貧的重要組成部分。中國(guó)的社會(huì)扶貧是具有中國(guó)特色的廣義的社會(huì)扶貧概念，大體可劃分為三種主要類(lèi)型：第一種是政府組織和協(xié)調(diào)的帶有再分配性質(zhì)的社會(huì)扶貧，包括各級(jí)機(jī)關(guān)事業(yè)單位開(kāi)展的定點(diǎn)扶貧、東西協(xié)作扶貧以及軍隊(duì)和武警部隊(duì)扶貧；第二種是企業(yè)基于社會(huì)責(zé)任，開(kāi)展與貧困地區(qū)互利的企業(yè)扶貧；第三種是以非營(yíng)利性的社會(huì)組織和個(gè)人為主進(jìn)行的純粹的扶貧活動(dòng)。這三種方式構(gòu)成的社會(huì)扶貧，為中國(guó)減貧事業(yè)作出了重要的貢獻(xiàn)。

社會(huì)扶貧作為一種具有中國(guó)特色的扶貧模式，有著自身獨(dú)特的理論、實(shí)踐及政策背景，與專(zhuān)項(xiàng)扶貧、行業(yè)扶貧共同構(gòu)成中國(guó)扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)的大扶貧格局。

Social Assistance in Poverty Alleviation

Social assistance refers to all kinds of aid, development help and social services provided by multiple actors to poor population and disadvantaged groups. Social assistance has since the mid-1990s been an important part of China's poverty alleviation campaign.

Social assistance can be generally divided into three types:

(1) Redistribution under government organization and coordination, including designated tasks undertaken by Party and government departments at all levels, cooperation between the east and the west, and missions performed by the military and armed police force;

(2) Corporate involvement to fulfill their social responsibility for helping poor areas; and

(3) Pure assistance offered by non-profit social organizations and individuals.

These three types of social assistance each make a great contribution to China's poverty reduction efforts. Together with special programs and corporate support, they form great synergy in the all-encompassing campaign against poverty.