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Lesson
Dì sì shí sān kè wèn chēng wèi yǔ chēng hū
第四十三課
問(wèn)稱謂與稱呼
Lesson Forty-three Addressing a Chinese Person
How one addresses a Chinese person can be a complicated exercise. Considerations to be taken into account include relationship and age. But, in case of doubt, the word "comrade" is still used in China and, more important, is of universal application.
Mài kè: Lì li, zhōng wén de "ài rén" shì shén me yì si?
麥克: 麗麗,中文的“愛(ài)人”是什么意思?
Mike: What does "ai ren" mean?
Lì li: "ài rén" shì qī zǐ huò zhàng fu de yì si.
麗麗: “愛(ài)人”是妻子或丈夫的意思。
Lili: It means spouse.
Mài kè: Míng bai le. W? z?n me chēng hū n? zhàng fu?
麥克: 明白了。我怎么稱呼你丈夫?
Mike: I see. So, how should I address your husband?
Lì li: Jiào xiān sheng jiù k? y?.
麗麗: 叫先生就可以。
Lili: You can say "xiān sheng".
Mai ke: Rén men chēng nián qīng fū fù wéi xi?o li?ng k?u, shì ma?
麥克: 人們稱年輕夫婦為小倆口,是嗎?
Mike: A young couple is referred to as "xi?o li?ng k?u", right?
Li li: Shì de. L?o nián fū fù wéi l?o li?ng k?u.
麗麗: 是的。老年夫婦為老倆口。
Lili: Yes. And "l?o li?ng k?u" for a more senior or elderly couple.
Mài kè: Duì l?o nián fū fù y? chēng hū l?o bànr, shì ma?
麥克: 對(duì)老年夫婦也稱呼老伴兒,是嗎?
Mike: Aren't elderly couples referred to as "l?o bànr"?
Li li: Shì de. Zhè shì yì zh?ng nì chēng.
麗麗: 是的。這是一種昵稱。
Lili: Yes. But that is a more intimate form of address.
Mài kè: "Tóng zhì" zhè gè cí hái yòng ma?
麥克: “同志”這個(gè)詞還用嗎?
Mike: Is the word "comrade" still used?
Lì li: Yòng. Bú guò "xiān shēng" hé "nǚ shì" yòng de y? h?n duō.
麗麗: 用。不過(guò)“先生”和“女士”用得也很多。
Lili: Yes, it is. But "Sir" and "Madam" are also used.
稱呼 chēng hūto address someone 愛(ài)人 ài réna term of endearment one uses to refer to his/her spouse
妻子 qī zǐ: wife 丈夫 zhàng fuhusband
先生 xiān shengMister; Sir 女士 nǚ shìMiss; Madam
夫婦 fū fùa married couple; husband and wife 年輕 nián qīngyoung
老年 l?o niánsenior, elderly 小倆口 xi?o li?ng k?ua young couple
老倆口 l?o li?ng k?ua senior/elderly couple 昵稱 nì chēngan intimate address, a pet name
同志 tóng zhìcomrade
wèn chēng wèi chēng
問(wèn)
Zhōng guó rén de chēng wèi chēng wéi ji?ng jiu qiě
國(guó) 復(fù)
, w?ng w?ng yào k?o dào guān nián líng .
, 關(guān) 。
jiān de chēng wèi shū miàn y? tōng cháng yòng " zhàng fu "
書(shū) 語(yǔ)
" " ; kǒu duō yòng " ài rén ".
; 語(yǔ) 愛(ài) ”。
Dàn duì rén zhī duō zūn chēng wéi " ren " .
對(duì)
W?n bèi duì zh?ng bèi zhōng de rèn rén jué duì zhí
對(duì) 長(zhǎng) 對(duì)
míng . Tóng bèi zhī jiān y?u zh?ng yòu zhī
。 長(zhǎng)
fēn , nián yòu de duì nión zh?ng de zhí míng.
對(duì) 長(zhǎng) 名。
Zhōng guó shè huì chéng yuán zhī jiān de chēng y? , shè
國(guó) 會(huì) 語(yǔ)
dào l? mào , děng , míng fèn zhí ,
、 級(jí) 業(yè) ,
y? qīn sh? chēng wèi yǒu guān , suí míng .
關(guān) , 。
Tóng xué , tóng líng tóng shì huò tóng líng péng yǒu zhī jiān ,
學(xué) 、 ,
yòng quán míng xiāng chēng ; h?o yǒu zhī jiān shèn zhì yòng
chēng huo chuo hao xiāng chēng , shì guān xi zhī qiè .
號(hào) , 關(guān) 。
Zài zhōng guó , " tóng zhì " réng rán bèi gu?ng fàn
國(guó) ,
shǐ yòng , guò jīn " xi?o jiě ", " tài tai ",
使 , 過(guò) ”、 ”、
" xiān sheng " děng chēng yuè lái yuè duō . Bìng shì
來(lái) 。
suǒ yǒu de hūn dōu shǐ yòng zhàng fu de xìng .
使 。
X? duō zhōng guó jié hūn hòu réng shǐ yòng
國(guó) 結(jié) 續(xù) 使
de xìng .
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 Yī g? zuò qì

一 鼓 作 氣
Literally, it means to rouse the spirits with the first beats of the drum. It is now used to mean: To do something in one go; to get something done in one sustained and concentrated effort

Dà jiàng fēng dù

【 大 將 風(fēng) 度 】

Having the qualities of a great commander; the poise of a great general

Dà kuài rén xīn

【 大 快 人 心 】

Describes something that is the most gratifying to the people or is to the immense satisfaction of the people

Xi?o xīn yì yì

【 小 心 翼 翼 】

With the utmost care; with extreme caution

Xi?o rén dé zhì

【 小 人 得 志 】

Describes a situation where a mean-spirited person, a bigot or hypocrite is in a position of power and control

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Sài
shàng
tīng
chuī
聽(tīng)
Xu? jìng tiān m? huán,
還,
Yuè míng qiāng shù lóu jiān.
間。
Jiè wèn méi huā chù luò,
問(wèn) 落,
Fēng chuī m?n guān shān.
風(fēng) 滿 關(guān) 山。
more>>
Quán tou ch?n pǐn
拳頭產(chǎn)品 High quality product/s
Jià rì jīng jì
假日經(jīng)濟(jì) Holiday economics. Refers to business peak periods which are usually holiday and festive seasons
Rè mén huà tí
熱門話題 A popular topic; a subject of topical interest
Hōng dòng xiào yīng
轟動(dòng)效應(yīng) A sensational effect
gōng zhòng rén wù
公眾人物 A public figure; someone in the public eye
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Guò qiáo mǐ xiàn
過(guò) 橋 米 線
Rice-flour noodles in soup (a local delicacy of Yunnan Province)
Bō luó ch?o fàn
菠 蘿 炒 飯
Pineapple fried rice
Xiān xiā hún tun
鮮 蝦 餛 飩
Shrimp wonton soup
Sān xiān yuán b?o
三 鮮 元 寶
Seafood dumplings
Gā lí jī fàn
咖 哩 雞 飯
Curry chicken rice
Xiāng jiāo sōng bǐng
香 蕉 松 餅
Banana pancake
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tóu
(head)
li?n
(face)
y?n
(eye)
(nose)
?r
(ear)
zuǐ
(mouth)
more>>
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