??????? Do you know how to service this new-type machine?

???????你知道怎樣維修這種新型的機(jī)器嗎？

???????這一句不能譯作：“你知道怎樣使用這臺(tái)新型的機(jī)器嗎？”如要表達(dá)此義，應(yīng)該說(shuō)：Do you know how to serve this new-type machine? 在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)里，出現(xiàn)了一種用名詞作動(dòng)詞的傾向。例如：to paper one's room；to bottle the fruit；to bandage up a wound；to oil a machine；to position a factory near the town；to pressure him to do so等等。然而，某些名詞作動(dòng)詞使用時(shí)，與原有動(dòng)詞的涵義有所不同，上面所述的to service和to serve的區(qū)別就是一個(gè)典型的例子。試對(duì)比下列各組詞的不同涵義：

???????to power 為…提供動(dòng)力

???????to empower 為…授予權(quán)力

???????to site 為…提供場(chǎng)所

???????to situate 位于；處于

???????to package 給…打包裝箱（美語(yǔ)）

???????to pack 給…包裝

???????to loan 貸款

???????to lend 出借；出租

???????to decision 根據(jù)積分評(píng)定

???????to decide 決定；判決

???????應(yīng)當(dāng)在此指出，把名詞作動(dòng)詞使用時(shí)必須要符合一條準(zhǔn)則，那就是在找不到適當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)詞表示涵義時(shí)，才能用名詞作動(dòng)詞，否則就是濫用。因此，以to message代替to send a message to；用to bill替代to charge to one's account；以to signature 代替to sign或用to suspicion去替代to suspect是不妥當(dāng)?shù)?。然而，我們又?yīng)該注意到，在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中，把名詞作為動(dòng)詞使用的現(xiàn)象是很普遍的，而且有日漸增多的傾向。下面是一些從英美書刊中信手拈來(lái)的例子：

???????Tom has his car serviced (=maintained) regularly.

???????Mr. Smith has authored (=written) a book on AIDS.

???????You must pressure (=force) him to do it.

???????Her dress is patterned upon (=made from) a Paris model.

???????Dick is the man who used to partner Mary.

???????Opposition to the war snowballed.

???????We shall book through to Hong Kong.

???????Don't fool away your time, my boy!

???????Mr. Smith noons for half an hour every day.

???????They have husbanded their farms very well.

???????Students in Hong Kong can view a collection of?more than 100 rare species of goldfish in the Ocean Park.

???????讀者們不難從上面的例子看出，用名詞作動(dòng)詞可以帶來(lái)一種新鮮感，能喚起人們的注意并給人們留下一個(gè)逼真生動(dòng)的畫面。

（來(lái)源：24en.com）