（五）深入推進(jìn)改革開放，為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展注入新的活力和動力。

我們按照“十二五”規(guī)劃提出的改革任務(wù)，加大攻堅力度，推動重點領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)的改革。

完善公共財政體系特別是預(yù)算管理制度，把預(yù)算外資金全部納入預(yù)算管理，擴(kuò)大國有資本經(jīng)營預(yù)算實施范圍，深化部門預(yù)算改革，推進(jìn)政府預(yù)算、決算公開，98個中央部門和北京、上海、廣東、陜西等省市公開“三公經(jīng)費”。在全國范圍實施原油、天然氣資源稅從價計征改革，出臺營業(yè)稅改征增值稅試點方案。把跨境貿(mào)易人民幣結(jié)算范圍擴(kuò)大到全國，啟動境外直接投資人民幣結(jié)算試點，開展外商直接投資人民幣結(jié)算業(yè)務(wù)。

深化集體林權(quán)制度改革，啟動國有林場改革試點，依法開展草原承包經(jīng)營登記。推進(jìn)水利建設(shè)管理體制改革，創(chuàng)新水資源管理體制。深化國有企業(yè)改革。啟動實施電網(wǎng)主輔分離改革重組以及上網(wǎng)電價和非居民用電價格調(diào)整方案?；就瓿舌l(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)機(jī)構(gòu)改革。事業(yè)單位分類改革有序開展。

我們堅持出口和進(jìn)口并重，利用外資和對外投資并舉，全面提升開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)水平。積極推進(jìn)市場多元化戰(zhàn)略，努力優(yōu)化貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)。全年貨物進(jìn)出口總額3．64萬億美元，增長22．5%，其中，出口增長20．3%，進(jìn)口增長24．9%，貿(mào)易順差進(jìn)一步下降。實際使用外商直接投資1160億美元，服務(wù)業(yè)和中西部地區(qū)比重提高。企業(yè)“走出去”步伐加快，非金融類對外直接投資601億美元。積極參與國際和區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合作，多邊雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系繼續(xù)深化。

我們在民主法制建設(shè)、國防和軍隊建設(shè)、港澳臺工作和外交工作等方面，都取得了卓有成效的進(jìn)展。

過去一年的成績來之不易，顯示了中國特色社會主義的優(yōu)越性和生命力，增強了中華民族的自豪感和凝聚力。這是以胡錦濤同志為總書記的黨中央科學(xué)決策、正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的結(jié)果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民齊心協(xié)力、頑強拼搏的結(jié)果。

我代表國務(wù)院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團(tuán)體和各界人士，表示誠摯的感謝！向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯的感謝！向關(guān)心和支持中國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯的感謝！

我們也清醒地看到，我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展仍然面臨不少困難和挑戰(zhàn)。從國際看，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇進(jìn)程艱難曲折，國際金融危機(jī)還在發(fā)展，一些國家主權(quán)債務(wù)危機(jī)短期內(nèi)難以緩解。主要發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體失業(yè)率居高難下，增長動力不足，新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體面臨通貨膨脹和經(jīng)濟(jì)增速回落的雙重壓力。主要貨幣匯率劇烈波動，大宗商品價格大幅震蕩。國際貿(mào)易投資保護(hù)主義強化。從國內(nèi)看，解決體制性結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾，緩解發(fā)展不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)的問題更為迫切、難度更大，經(jīng)濟(jì)運行中又出現(xiàn)不少新情況新問題。

主要是：經(jīng)濟(jì)增長存在下行壓力，物價水平仍處高位，房地產(chǎn)市場調(diào)控處于關(guān)鍵階段，農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展、農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收難度加大，就業(yè)總量壓力與結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾并存，一些企業(yè)特別是小型微型企業(yè)經(jīng)營困難增多，部分行業(yè)產(chǎn)能過剩凸顯，能源消費總量增長過快。一些長期矛盾與短期問題相互交織，結(jié)構(gòu)性因素和周期性因素相互作用，國內(nèi)問題和國際問題相互關(guān)聯(lián)，宏觀調(diào)控面臨更加復(fù)雜的局面。

政府工作仍存在一些缺點和不足，節(jié)能減排、物價調(diào)控目標(biāo)沒有完成；征地拆遷、安全生產(chǎn)、食品藥品安全、收入分配等方面問題還很突出，群眾反映強烈；政府管理和服務(wù)水平有待提高，廉政建設(shè)亟需加強。

我們一定要以對國家和人民高度負(fù)責(zé)的精神，采取更加有力的措施，切實解決存在的問題，努力把各項工作做得更好，決不辜負(fù)人民的重托。

5. Deepening reform and opening up and injecting new vitality and impetus into economic and social development

We intensified efforts to overcome difficulties and carried forward reform in major areas and key links to meet reform targets set forth in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan.

We improved the public finance system, particularly the budget management system. We put all extrabudgetary funds under budgetary management; expanded the scope of budgets for the use of state capital; deepened the reform requiring government departments to prepare their own budgets; and moved ahead with publicly releasing government budgets and final accounts. Ninety-eight central government departments as well as provincial and municipal governments, including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong and Shaanxi, publicly released information regarding their spending on official overseas trips, official vehicles and official hospitality. We carried out a price-based reform of resource taxes on crude oil and natural gas nationwide, and introduced a plan to replace business tax with value-added tax (VAT) on a trial basis. We extended the use of RMB in cross-border trade settlement to the whole country, launched trials for settling overseas direct investment accounts in RMB, and began settling foreign direct investment accounts in RMB.

We deepened reform of tenure in collective forests, launched a trial reform of state forestry farms, and started registration for contracting pastureland in accordance with the law. We pressed ahead with reform of the system for managing the construction of water conservancy facilities and made innovations in the system for managing water resources; and deepened reform of state-owned enterprises. We carried out reform to restructure power grids by separating their main business from auxiliary services and implemented the plan to adjust the prices of on-grid electricity and non-household electricity. We basically completed the reform of county and town government bodies, and proceeded with the reform of public institutions through classification in an orderly manner.

We continued to put equal emphasis on exports and imports, encouraged foreign investment in China and Chinese investment overseas, and made comprehensive improvements to China's open economy. We actively pursued the strategy of diversifying markets and improved the trade mix. China's total volume of trade in goods totaled US$ 3.64 trillion for the year, up 22.5%. Exports and imports grew by 20.3% and 24.9%, respectively, and our trade surplus decreased further. Total utilized foreign direct investment was $116 billion, and a larger proportion of it went to service industries and the central and western regions. Chinese companies expanded their overseas presence, and non-financial outward direct investment reached $60.1 billion. We actively participated in international and regional economic cooperation and continued to deepen multilateral and bilateral economic and trade relations.

We made outstanding progress in improving democracy and the legal system; strengthening national defense and building up the armed forces; and in our work related to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and our diplomatic work.

Our hard-won achievements over the past year are a testament to the strength and vitality of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and have enhanced the pride and cohesiveness of the Chinese nation. We owe these achievements to the sound decisions made by the Party Central Committee, with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, and its correct leadership, as well as the concerted efforts and hard work of the Party, the armed forces, and the people of all ethnic groups in China.

On behalf of the State Council, I wish to sincerely thank the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, the democratic parties, people's organizations, and people from all sectors of society. I wish to express my sincere gratitude to our compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, as well as overseas Chinese. I also wish to express my sincere appreciation to governments of other countries, international organizations, and foreign friends around the world who show understanding for and support China in its pursuit of modernization.

We are keenly aware that China still faces many difficulties and challenges in economic and social development. Internationally, the road to global economic recovery will be tortuous, the global financial crisis is still evolving, and some countries will find it hard to ease the sovereign debt crisis any time soon. The unemployment rate remains high in the major developed economies, and they lack impetus for growth. Emerging economies face the dual pressures of inflation and slowing economic growth. The exchange rates of major currencies and the prices of important commodities are experiencing sharp fluctuations. Protectionism in international trade and investment is mounting. Domestically, it has become more urgent but also more difficult to solve institutional and structural problems and alleviate the problem of unbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development. In addition, China's economy is encountering new problems.

There is downward pressure on economic growth. Prices remain high. Regulation of the real estate market is in a crucial stage. It is getting harder to maintain steady development of agriculture and sustain increases in rural incomes. Pressure to increase total employment coexists with structural shortages of qualified personnel in some industries. Some enterprises, especially small and micro businesses, face increasing difficulties in their operations. Some industries are plagued by excess production capacity. Total energy consumption is growing excessively fast. Moreover, some long-term and short-term problems are interwoven; structural and cyclical factors affect each other; domestic and international problems have become interrelated; and our macro-control work faces a more complex situation.

There are still some deficiencies and shortcomings in the government's work. Targets for conserving energy, reducing emissions, and controlling prices are not being met. Problems concerning land expropriation, housing demolition, workplace safety, food and drug safety, and income distribution are still very serious and the people are still very concerned about them. Government administration and services need to be improved, and efforts to build clean government need to be intensified.

We must act with a strong sense of responsibility toward the country and the people, take more effective steps to resolve these problems, strive to do all our work better, and truly live up to the people's expectations.