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二．動(dòng)詞
11．The influence of the related policies made by the government, including the policies which is considered afterwards to have played an active role in the development of the refrigerator industry, is secondary and supplementary.
12．The disparity between the poor and the rich in food consumption are not manifested in quantity, but in quality.
13．The first Constitution of the People’s Republic of China which adopted on 1954 clearly indicates in its article 45:“...”
14．Secondly, as mentioned above, the comparison make us to think over the reasons of different choices of welfare policies.
15．The rural people who made of the majority of the Chinese population did not enjoy these welfare.
16．After the World WarⅡ, the developed economies have been recovering and developing rapidly.
17．Who knows whether the SOE gains or losses?
18．Although all the states are facing the possibilities of either win or lost, the developed countries enjoy the more favorable position than the under-developed countries.
19．The government of Zhucheng Town requested that the net asset in all Joint-Stock enterprises should be divided into two parts after fulfill their property assessment.
20．As a result, the more rapidly the country develops, the more tightly it is bounded to the international monetary and financial system.
正確使用英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，需要注意三件事：一是時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)不對(duì)，與句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是否吻合（如果有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的話）；二是數(shù)是否與主語(yǔ)一致，是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)；三是語(yǔ)態(tài)對(duì)不對(duì)，是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)。
例11 which引導(dǎo)的從句中有afterwards，此時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的意思是“以后”，但其所指是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，因此動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)是過(guò)去時(shí)。從句主語(yǔ)which指的是前面的復(fù)數(shù)名詞policies，因此動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)。這樣從句就應(yīng)改為which were considered...。 例12主語(yǔ)disparity是單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該是is...,而不應(yīng)是are...。例13 which引導(dǎo)的從句指的是constitution，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，因此應(yīng)改為which was adopted...。
英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的詞類。除了注意以上三件事，還要看它跟什么詞連用和怎樣連用，一不小心，就會(huì)出錯(cuò)。
例14主語(yǔ)comparison是單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞make需改為makes才能與主語(yǔ)的數(shù)一致。另外，make后面出動(dòng)詞不定式是不用to的，因此這個(gè)to應(yīng)刪去。例15 make后面跟of可以表示用什么制作，但此處要表示to form，to constitute，就要用make up。詞典舉例：Women make up 56％ of the student numbers。因此例15中的made of應(yīng)改為made up。例9，raising the...issue into the agenda也不合乎英語(yǔ)說(shuō)法，可改為putting the...issue on the agenda。
例16 先解決一個(gè)冠詞問(wèn)題。談到“二次大戰(zhàn)”之類的名稱，英語(yǔ)若數(shù)字后出，則不用冠詞，說(shuō)Word War II就行了。若數(shù)字先出，則要定冠詞，要說(shuō)the Second World War。這一句主要是需要解決時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)一致的問(wèn)題。After Word War II指的是二次大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后的一段時(shí)間，一般說(shuō)來(lái)指的時(shí)間不太長(zhǎng)，稍長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn)也可以，但不能指到現(xiàn)在，動(dòng)詞只能是過(guò)去時(shí)。若想指到現(xiàn)在，就要說(shuō)Since Word War II, 這樣動(dòng)詞就可以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。從例16的內(nèi)容看，因提到recover，還是用過(guò)去時(shí)較好。這句話可改為After World War II, the developed economies recovered and developed rapidly.
英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式變化多端。有時(shí)動(dòng)詞和名詞的形式是一樣的。如gain既可是動(dòng)詞，也可是名詞。lose就比較復(fù)雜。動(dòng)詞是lose，其過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去分詞是lost，名詞是loss, 形容詞是loose。用哪種形式，全看它在句中起什么作用。例17，和前面的動(dòng)詞gains并列,就應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞loses, 而不該用名詞losses。例18，在the possibilities of后面該用動(dòng)名詞winning or losing。例19，在after后面也該用動(dòng)名詞fulfilling。例20，后半句用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但過(guò)去分詞bounded是不對(duì)的。此處動(dòng)詞原形是bind，其過(guò)去分詞應(yīng)是bound，因此這里用is bound to...就對(duì)了。
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